ImmunoTargets and Therapy (Mar 2020)
Novel Resolution Mediators of Severe Systemic Inflammation
Abstract
Verena Gudernatsch, Sylwia Anna Stefańczyk, Valbona Mirakaj Molecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyCorrespondence: Valbona MirakajMolecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Straße 3, Tübingen 72076, GermanyTel +49 7071 29-86622Fax +49 7071 29-5533Email [email protected]: Nonresolving inflammation, a hallmark of underlying severe inflammatory processes such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure is a major cause of admission to the intensive care unit and high mortality rates. Many survivors develop new functional limitations and health problems, and in cases of sepsis, approximately 40% of patients are rehospitalized within three months. Over the last few decades, better treatment approaches have been adopted. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge underlying the complex pathophysiology of the inflammatory response organized by numerous mediators and the induction of complex networks impede curative therapy. Thus, increasing evidence indicates that resolution of an acute inflammatory response, considered an active process, is the ideal outcome that leads to tissue restoration and organ function. Many mediators have been identified as immunoresolvents, but only a few have been shown to contribute to both the initial and resolution phases of severe systemic inflammation, and these agents might finally substantially impact the therapeutic approach to severe inflammatory processes. In this review, we depict different resolution mediators/immunoresolvents contributing to resolution programmes specifically related to life-threatening severe inflammatory processes.Keywords: inflammation, resolution, specialized lipid mediators, neuronal guidance protein, sepsis, immunoresolvents
