Up-Cycling of <i>Olea europaea</i> L. Ancient Cultivars Side Products: Study of a Combined Cosmetic–Food Supplement Treatment Based on Leaves and Olive Mill Wastewater Extracts

Abstract

In recent years, a reversal of the global economic framework has been taking place: from the linear model, there has been a gradual transition to a circular model where by-products from the agri-food industry are taken and transformed into value products (upcycling) rather than being disposed of. Olive tree pruning represents an important biomass currently used for combustion; however, the leaf part of the olive tree is rich in phenolic substances, including hydroxytyrosol. Mill wastewater is also discarded, but it still contains high amounts of hydroxytyrosol. In this study, cosmetic and food supplement formulations were prepared using biophenols extracted from leaves and wastewater and were tested in a placebo-controlled study on healthy volunteers using a combined cosmetic and food supplement treatment. A significant improvement in skin health indicators (collagen density, elasticity, etc.) and a 17% improvement against Photo-induced Irritative Stimulus was observed.

Keywords

• <i>Olea europaea</i>
• agri-food industry by-products
• up-cycling
• hydroxytyrosol
• cosmetic
• food