Characterizations of generalized Robertson-Walker spacetimes concerning gradient solitons

Abstract

In this article, we examine gradient type Ricci solitons and (m,τ)-quasi Einstein solitons in generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW) spacetimes. Besides, we demonstrate that in this scenario the GRW spacetime presents the Robertson-Walker (RW) spacetime and the perfect fluid (PF) spacetime presents the phantom era. Consequently, we show that if a GRW spacetime permits a gradient τ-Einstein solitons, then it also represents a PF spacetime under certain condition.

Keywords

• Gradient Ricci soliton
• Gradient (m,τ)-quasi Einstein soliton
• Generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime
• Nonlinear equations
• Differential equations
• Partial differential equations