The Association between Hematological Indicators and Hydatidiform Mole Progression

Abstract

Background and Objective: Gestational trophoblastic disease refers to a specific range of trophoblast proliferative disorders that originate from the placental epithelium. Recently, hematological indices are being researched and discussed as an easy and accessible method to identify patients and monitor disease progression. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the levels of hematological indicators and hydatidiform mole progression. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 patients diagnosed with hydatidiform mole in two groups: complete hydatidiform mole (132 people) and partial hydatidiform mole (32 people). The diagnosis of the disease was made based on the pathology results recorded in the patients' files. Information related to hematological, biochemical and hormonal indices was collected and analyzed. Findings: In general, there was no statistically significant difference between the group of complete hydatidiform mole and partial mole in terms of age, body mass index, uterine size, incidence rate of Theca lutein cyst and cyst size, gravida, parity, miscarriage, and history of previous mole. Of all laboratory markers evaluated (such as WBC, PLT, MPV/PLT, AST/PLT, RDW/PLT), only the mean level of triiodothyronine (free T3) in the complete mole group (1.50±2.40 pmol/L) was significantly lower compared to the partial mole group (1.90±1.30 pmol/L) (p=0.004). Free T3 threshold (1.54±0.87 pmol/L) showed good sensitivity (74.60%), specificity (51.50%) and 50% accuracy to distinguish complete moles from others. Conclusion: This study showed that a high level of free T3 may be a good marker for the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole, which may be useful in the early detection of moles undetectable on ultrasound.

Keywords

• gestational trophoblastic disease
• hydatidiform mole
• triiodothyronine.