Innovative Tools of Sustainable Mobility in European Urban Areas: Experience with Evaluation and Role of Political Barriers

Abstract

The presented article describes a European initiative for supporting innovative measures in sustainable transport in urban areas Civitas, particularly its latest completed edition Civitas Plus (2008-2012). The article presents the evaluation process of the performed measures and shows an overview of the main obstacles the Civitas Plus cities struggled with (with the emphasis on political barriers). In addition, it mentions drivers which helped to implement the sustainable mobility measures. It concludes with examples from European cities on how to avoid these barriers and prevent their occurrence.

Keywords

• Civitas initiative
• political barriers
• evaluation of sustainable mobility measures