Bone mineral density evaluation o epileptic children on anti-epileptic medications

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this work is to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in children with idiopathic epilepsy under anti-epileptic drugs and to determine the effect of the type and the duration of drug administration on BMD. Subjects and methods: This study conducted on 120 children divided into two groups, Epileptic group included 60 children diagnosed as having epilepsy on the basis of clinical examination receiving antiepileptic drugs (AEDS). Control group included 60 healthy children. All patients subjected to clinical examination and determination of bone mineral density. Results: Among epileptic children, there were 35 children (58.3%) with generalized tonic clonic seizures, 11(18.3%) were partial, 10(16.7%) were partial with secondary generalization, 4(6.7%) were absence seizures. 41(68.3%) epileptic patients were on antiepileptic monotherapy while 19 (31.7%) were on polytherapy. Seventeen children with low bone mineral density state (LBMD) and 43 with normal bone density. Epileptic patients had lower BMD, Z- score, and AM compared with controls (P value < .001). Epileptic patients with LBMD had significant decrease in Z score, BMD and AM (P < .001) compared with epileptic patients with normal bone state. Conclusion: Epileptic patients receiving polytherapy showed more decrease in BMD than that of epileptic patients receiving monotherapy with (P < .001).

Keywords

• Epilepsy
• Bone mineral density
• Antiepileptic drugs
• Dual energy X-ray