Problems of the Regional Energetics (Nov 2024)
Incremental Efficiency of Electricity Generation Based on Thermal Consumption at CHPPs and its Importance in Reducing Carbon Emissions
Abstract
The aim of the study is to develop a methodological approach to assessing the incremental effi-ciency of electricity generation at CHPPs (specific heat consumption for changing electric power of turbine) in operating modes, taking into account both energy and environmental indicators. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the methodology, based on mathematical models of cogeneration steam turbines, both integral and differential indicators of heat rate per unit of electricity generation increment, was justified; a comprehensive generalization of the cal-culation data on the turbine T-50-12.8 type was performed; a quantitative assessment of the in-tegral electricity generation and greenhouse gas emissions parameters was made at various loads and its comparison with the corresponding indicators in condensation mode. The most signifi-cant results are the following: generalized dependences of the integral specific heat consumption per unit of increase in electricity generation and carbon footprint were calculated for a wide range of changes in operating conditions; boundary conditions were established under which obtaining these parameters by opening the sliding grid of low-pressure section turns out to be energetically and ecologically feasible; it was determined that when increasing the capacity without bypassing the delivery water, the carbon footprint increment with an increase in the ca-pacity of cogeneration turbines by opening the sliding grid will be less than for condensing tur-bines. The significance of the results obtained lies in their applicability for solving problems of ensuring maximum efficiency during involving cogeneration turbines in regulating electric load schedules in different boundary conditions.
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