Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Lymphadenopathy - A Study of 638 Cases in a Primary Care Setting

Abstract

Introduction: In recent times, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) has gained popularity as a screening and a diagnostic procedure. Many studies have been published elaborating its utility in patients of lymphadenopathy. Large numbers of them are from tertiary care centers. We have not come across any recent study from central Uttar Pradesh that details the utility of FNAC in profiling lymphadenopathy in a primary care setting. Aim: To analyze various causes of lymphadenopathy in patients presenting at a primary care setting and to study their demographic profile, using FNAC as a diagnostic tool. Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective study of FNAC done on patients presenting with lymphadenopathy. Adequate material was obtained in 643 cases out of 660 patients on whom the procedure was performed over a period of over six years. Of these, 638 cases are further analyzed. Results: Cervical lymph nodes were the commonest group to be involved in a disease process. Reactive lymphadenitis was the predominant lesion in children. In adults, tubercular lymphadenitis was seen most frequently. Metastatic involvement was the foremost lesion in geriatric patients. Conclusion: FNAC is a useful preliminary diagnostic procedure in patients presenting with lymphadenopathy. Significant economic benefits can result if this technique is used more commonly in a primary care setting.

Keywords

• lymphadenitis
• lymph node cytology
• lymph node lesions