The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
The JWST Discovery of the Triply Imaged Type Ia “Supernova H0pe” and Observations of the Galaxy Cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0
- Brenda L. Frye,
- Massimo Pascale,
- Justin Pierel,
- Wenlei Chen,
- Nicholas Foo,
- Reagen Leimbach,
- Nikhil Garuda,
- Seth H. Cohen,
- Patrick S. Kamieneski,
- Rogier A. Windhorst,
- Anton M. Koekemoer,
- Pat Kelly,
- Jake Summers,
- Michael Engesser,
- Daizhong Liu,
- Lukas J. Furtak,
- Maria del Carmen Polletta,
- Kevin C. Harrington,
- S. P. Willner,
- Jose M. Diego,
- Rolf A. Jansen,
- Dan Coe,
- Christopher J. Conselice,
- Liang Dai,
- Hervé Dole,
- Jordan C. J. D’Silva,
- Simon P. Driver,
- Norman A. Grogin,
- Madeline A. Marshall,
- Ashish K. Meena,
- Mario Nonino,
- Rafael Ortiz III,
- Nor Pirzkal,
- Aaron Robotham,
- Russell E. Ryan Jr.,
- Lou Strolger,
- Scott Tompkins,
- Christopher N. A. Willmer,
- Haojing Yan,
- Min S. Yun,
- Adi Zitrin
Affiliations
- Brenda L. Frye
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Massimo Pascale
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California , 501 Campbell Hall #3411, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Justin Pierel
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Wenlei Chen
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University , 145 Physical Sciences Bldg, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Nicholas Foo
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Reagen Leimbach
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Nikhil Garuda
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Seth H. Cohen
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Patrick S. Kamieneski
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Rogier A. Windhorst
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Anton M. Koekemoer
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Pat Kelly
- ORCiD
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota , 116 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Jake Summers
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Michael Engesser
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Daizhong Liu
- ORCiD
- Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) , Giessenbachstr. 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Lukas J. Furtak
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
- Maria del Carmen Polletta
- ORCiD
- INAF—Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica (IASF) Milano , Via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milan, Italy
- Kevin C. Harrington
- ORCiD
- European Southern Observatory , Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- S. P. Willner
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Jose M. Diego
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria (CSIC-C). Avda. Los Castros s/n . E-39005 Santander, Spain
- Rolf A. Jansen
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Dan Coe
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) for the European Space Agency (ESA) , STScI, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Christopher J. Conselice
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Liang Dai
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of California , 366 Physics North MC 7300, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Hervé Dole
- ORCiD
- Université Paris-Saclay , CNRS, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, F-91405, Orsay, France
- Jordan C. J. D’Silva
- ORCiD
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) and the International Space Centre (ISC), The University of Western Australia , M468, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia
- Simon P. Driver
- ORCiD
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) and the International Space Centre (ISC), The University of Western Australia , M468, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Norman A. Grogin
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Madeline A. Marshall
- ORCiD
- ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) , Australia; National Research Council of Canada, Herzberg Astronomy & Astrophysics Research Centre , 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
- Ashish K. Meena
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
- Mario Nonino
- ORCiD
- INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , Via Bazzoni 2, I-34124 Trieste, Italy
- Rafael Ortiz III
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Nor Pirzkal
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Aaron Robotham
- ORCiD
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) and the International Space Centre (ISC), The University of Western Australia , M468, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Russell E. Ryan Jr.
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Lou Strolger
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Scott Tompkins
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Christopher N. A. Willmer
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 N Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0009, USA
- Haojing Yan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri , Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Min S. Yun
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Massachusetts at Amherst , Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Adi Zitrin
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1034
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 961,
no. 2
p. 171
Abstract
A Type Ia supernova (SN) at z = 1.78 was discovered in James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Camera imaging of the galaxy cluster PLCK G165.7+67.0 (G165; z = 0.35). The SN is situated 1.5–2 kpc from the host-galaxy nucleus and appears in three different locations as a result of gravitational lensing by G165. These data can yield a value for Hubble’s constant using time delays from this multiply imaged SN Ia that we call “SN H0pe.” Over the cluster, we identified 21 image multiplicities, confirmed five of them using the Near-Infrared Spectrograph, and constructed a new lens model that gives a total mass within 600 kpc of (2.6 ± 0.3) × 10 ^14 M _⊙ . The photometry uncovered a galaxy overdensity coincident with the SN host galaxy. NIRSpec confirmed six member galaxies, four of which surround the SN host galaxy with relative velocity ≲900 km s ^−1 and projected physical extent ≲33 kpc. This compact galaxy group is dominated by the SN host galaxy, which has a stellar mass of (5.0 ± 0.1) × 10 ^11 M _⊙ . The group members have specific star formation rates of 2–260 Gyr ^−1 derived from the H α -line fluxes corrected for stellar absorption, dust extinction, and slit losses. Another group centered on a strongly lensed dusty star-forming galaxy is at z = 2.24. The total (unobscured and obscured) SFR of this second galaxy group is estimated to be (≳ 100 M _⊙ yr ^−1 ), which translates to a supernova rate of ∼1 SNe yr ^−1 , suggesting that regular monitoring of this cluster may yield additional SNe.
Keywords
- Strong gravitational lensing
- Rich galaxy clusters
- High-redshift galaxy clusters
- Galaxy cluster counts
- Galaxy spectroscopy
