Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (Jan 2020)
Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, and Sleep Hygiene (HEPAS) as the Winning Triad for Sustaining Physical and Mental Health in Patients at Risk for or with Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Considerations for Clinical Practice
Abstract
Matteo Briguglio,1,* Jacopo Antonino Vitale,1 Roberta Galentino,2 Giuseppe Banfi,1,3 Carlotta Zanaboni Dina,4 Alberto Bona,5 Giancarlo Panzica,6 Mauro Porta,2,* Bernardo Dell’Osso,7–9,* Ira David Glick9,* 1IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Scientific Direction, Milan, Italy; 2IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Tourette’s Syndrome and Movement Disorders Centre, Milan, Italy; 3Department of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; 4TICEA Center, Scientific Direction, Milan, Italy; 5Neurosurgery Department, ICCS Istituto Clinico Città Studi, Milan, Italy; 6Department of Neuroscience, Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; 7University of Milan, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences Luigi Sacco, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Ospedale Sacco Polo Universitario, Milan, Italy; 8“Aldo Ravelli” Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; 9Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Matteo BriguglioIRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Scientific Direction, Via Riccardo Galeazzi, 4, Milan 20161, MI, ItalyTel +39 338 6087042Email [email protected]: Neuropsychiatric disorders stem from gene-environment interaction and their development can be, at least in some cases, prevented by the adoption of healthy and protective lifestyles. Once full blown, neuropsychiatric disorders are prevalent conditions that patients live with a great burden of disability. Indeed, the determinants that increase the affliction of neuropsychiatric disorders are various, with unhealthy lifestyles providing a significant contribution in the interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that ultimately represent the pathophysiological basis of these impairing conditions. On one hand, the adoption of Healthy Eating education, Physical Activity programs, and Sleep hygiene promotion (HEPAS) has the potential to become one of the most suitable interventions to reduce the risk to develop neuropsychiatric disorders, while, on the other hand, its integration with pharmacological and psychological therapies seems to be essential in the overall management of neuropsychiatric disorders in order to reduce the disability and improve the quality of life of affected patients. We present an overview of the current evidence in relation to HEPAS components in the prevention and management of neuropsychiatric disorders and provide suggestions for clinical practice.Keywords: neuropsychiatry, diet, motor activity, sleep, quality of health care
