MHD Natural Convection of a Fe₃O₄–Water Nanofluid within an Inside Round Diagonal Corner Square Cavity with Existence of Magnetic Source

Abstract

This study concerns a numerical investigation of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection of a Fe3O4–water nanofluid filled within a round diagonal corner square cavity. The cavity was subjected to imposed temperatures (hot and cold walls) and one magnetic source. The nanofluid flow and heat transfer problem was mathematically modeled and its dimensionless problem was established. The finite element method was implemented in order to solve the MHD problem. The effects of the Rayleigh number, Hartmann number and round corner radius on the nanofluid flow (streamlines and velocity magnitude) and heat transfer (isotherms and temperature distribution) were evaluated. Heat transfer was assessed when the convection or the conduction dominates with regard to the nature of the flow.

Keywords

• natural convection
• magnetohydrodynamic
• specific cavity
• streamlines
• Rayleigh number
• Hartmann number