The challenge of dry eye diagnosis

Abstract

Giacomo Savini1, Pinita Prabhawasat2, Takashi Kojima3, Martin Grueterich4, Edgar Espana5, Eiki Goto61Centro Salus, Bologna, Italy; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand; 3Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig–Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; 5Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA; 6Department of Ophthalmology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, JapanAbstract: The currently available methods for the diagnosis of dry eye are still far from being perfect for a variety of reasons. This review attempts to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of both traditional tests (such as Schirmer’s test, break-up time and ocular surface staining) and innovative noninvasive procedures, including tear meniscus height measurement, corneal topography, functional visual acuity, tear interferometry, tear evaporimetry and tear osmolarity assessment.