Heliyon (Aug 2024)

Exploring the biological behavior differences between retroperitoneal and non-retroperitoneal liposarcomas

  • Zhe Xi,
  • Aobo Zhuang,
  • Xi Li,
  • Turhong Maimaiti Ming,
  • Yingxue Cheng,
  • Chenhe Zhang,
  • Fuan Xie,
  • Yue Wang,
  • Guangting Yan,
  • Jialiang Zheng,
  • Zhenhang Lin,
  • Geng Zhang,
  • Huichen Li,
  • Ting Wu,
  • Qi He,
  • Wengang Li

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 15
p. e34878

Abstract

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Background: Liposarcoma is a malignant tumor that originates from adipose tissue and can occur in any part of the body. There is currently no clear conclusion on whether there are significant differences in prognosis between liposarcoma at different anatomical locations, especially retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) and non retroperitoneal liposarcoma (NRLPS). The aim of this study is to reveal whether there are differences in prognosis between these two locations of liposarcoma, and further explore the fundamental reasons behind these differences. Methods: We conducted an in-depth investigation into the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with liposarcoma by analyzing the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database. Then, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to balance these prognostic factors for comparative analysis of survival between RLPS and NRLPS. In addition, by analyzing transcriptome and whole exome data from TCGA and the Japan Genotypic Phenotype Archive (JGA), we identified genes with significant expression differences and explored changes in the immune microenvironment. Result: Through analysis of RLPS and NRLPS patients in the SEER database, we observed significant prognostic differences between the two groups, with RLPS exhibiting worse prognosis (p < 0.001). Even after adjusting for confounding factors through PSM, these survival rate differences remained significant, with RLPS still showing worse prognosis (p = 0.017). Furthermore, our analysis of transcriptomic data led to the identification of 467 differentially expressed genes. Additionally, we noted significant differences in the immune microenvironment and whole exome sequencing data between the two groups. Conclusion: There are significant differences between patients with RLPS and NRLPS. Therefore, from clinical research to treatment strategies, RLPS and NRLPS should be considered as two distinct types of tumors, necessitating differentiated approaches for their study and treatment.

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