Organization of the management of the Kalmyk people at the end of the XVIII – the first quarter of the XIX centuries

Abstract

In the context of the transition of the Russian autocracy to absolutism, Kalmyk Khanate was introduced into the unified system of Russia in the first quarter of the 18th century, and changes in its legal status are gradually being made. As a result of the reforms carried out in the first half of the 18th century, Kalmyk Khanate lost its political status of autonomy and acquired the features of administrative autonomy, the legal status of its ruler changed in relations with the emperor to direct servants. After the migration of a large part of the Kalmyks to the province of Xinjiang of China, the remaining ulus were introduced into the Astrakhan province on the rights of the county and subordinated to its administration. As a result of administrative and political reforms in the early 19th century Kalmykia was elevated to the status of an internal region with elements of the subject of the state within the Astrakhan province led by the governor, then the chief usher appointed by the emperor. These reforms corresponded to both the national interests and, to a certain extent, the interests of the Kalmyk people.

Keywords

• russian empire
• kalmykia
• decrees
• reforms
• administrative management
• astrakhan province
• status
• county
• internal region
• chief police-officer