Impact of Chemical Treatment on Surface Modification of Agave Americana Fibres for Composite Application – A Futuristic Approach

Abstract

As a futuristic approach an attempt has been made in this study to improve the compatibility between reinforcement and polymer matrix in composites by various chemical treatments. The adhesion of these can be achieved by modifying the surface using the chemical treatments. The general appearance of the Agave Americana fibers which underwent benzoylation was rated to be good in visual evaluation. The chemical treatments increased lignin content with 31.3% on benzoylation but decreased by both acetylation and alkylation treatments with 20.08% and 0.95% respectively. Moisture content was decreased in the fiber samples by benzylation and water absorption property decreased on acetylation and alkylation which would assist in fiber matrix compatibility. The breaking strength increased on benzoylation, and elongation increased on alkylation. Among the three chemical treatments the maximum degradation of fibers occurred at the highest temperature of 390°C with mass loss of 98.2% by benzoylation. Thermal stability improved in all the chemical treated fiber samples. Morphological analysis exhibited the removal of gummy substances and had improved roughness on the surface of fibers. The novelty is brought in the study by the fiber selection and analysis made using varied chemicals.

Keywords

• agave americana
• chemical treatment
• lignocellulosic fibers
• natural fibers
• surface modification
• surface morphology