Journal of Asthma and Allergy (Jun 2022)

Clinical Features and Outcomes Associated with Bronchial Asthma Among COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients

  • Diaz MA,
  • Catalan-Caceres N,
  • Beauperthuy TC,
  • Domingo C,
  • Ibañez E,
  • Morata C,
  • De Diego A

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 15
pp. 775 – 781

Abstract

Read online

Miguel Angel Diaz,1 Nelly Catalan-Caceres,1 Thais C Beauperthuy,2 Carlos Domingo,1 Ethel Ibañez,1 Carmen Morata,3 Alfredo De Diego2 1Allergy Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; 2Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; 3Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, SpainCorrespondence: Miguel Angel Diaz, Allergy Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Avinguda de Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, Valencia, 46026, Spain, Tel +34 961244084, Email [email protected]: The impact of diagnosis treatment and bronchial asthma on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated outcomes remains unclear.Objective: To identify the prevalence and outcomes associated with asthma among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.Methods: Electronic health records of 130 patients with asthma among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were reviewed. Two subgroups of asthmatic patients were compared according to clinical outcomes during hospitalization. Patients with death results, intubation, and/or need of intensive care unit (ICU) stay were grouped as asthmatic patients with severe COVID-19 outcomes, and the rest were grouped as asthmatic patients with non-severe COVID-19 outcomes. Multivariable analyses were conducted with logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for severe outcomes.Results: The prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 hospitalized patients was 5%. The mean age was 59.4 years and 54% were women. 17% received treatment in GINA step 4– 5 asthma at the time of admission. An allergic asthma phenotype was determined in 38%. There was no significant difference in hospital length of stay or need for intubation between asthmatic patients and global COVID-19 admitted patients. 17% of asthmatic patients developed a severe outcome, and 5% had a death result. Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) level, low transcutaneous pulse oximetry (SpO2), the coexistence of atrial fibrillation (AF), and need for moderate or high ICS at admission were independent risk factors for a worse outcome in asthmatics COVID-19 hospitalized patients.Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 hospitalized patients was 5%, consistent with the asthma prevalence in the general population. The asthmatic patients with the previous prescription of moderate or high doses of ICS and/or coexistence of atrial fibrillation at admission had a higher risk of the severe outcome.Keywords: bronchial asthma, COVID-19, risk factors, outcomes

Keywords