Актуальні питання суспільних наук та історії медицини (Jun 2017)
ПРОБЛЕМА ПРЕДМЕТА I ОБ’ЄКТА В МЕТОДОЛОГІЇ ІСТОРІЇ / THE PROBLEM OF SABJECT AND OBJECT IN THE METHODOLOGY OF HISTORY
Abstract
Безарова Галина. Проблема предмета и объекта в методологии истории Аннотация. В статье рассматривается познавательная роль предмета и объекта исследования в методологи истории. Обращается внимание на то, что сегодня в исторической науке – это проблема в связи с тем, что собственно в самой исторической дисциплине отсутствует объединенность, а, напротив, она распалась на множество направлений, наблюдается процесс исчезновения целосного представления об историческом развитии, о содержании и характере изменений, которые происходят в современном мире. Ключевые слова: методология, методология истории, предмет изучения, объект изучения, методы исследования, закономерность, историография. Bezarova Halyna. The problem of sabject and object in the methodology of history Abstract. In historical science, unlike the humanities, has no single methodology. Methodology of history is a complex on the content and forms of expression formation, characterized by various, sometimes conflicting approaches to the study of history. The first task of the methodology of history is the establishment of principles of "organization" of the material, its objective selection and understanding, and the basis of these principles is to determine the cognitive categories of subject and object of study. On the subject of research the very understanding of history depends, the choice of research methods and as a result, the establishment of historical truth. Any science is peculiar in its own subject of study, which is defined by its independence, uniqueness and peculiarities of a science; it differs from other systems of knowledge. But today in history this is a problem due to the fact that the historical discipline itself is not united, but rather broken up into many different directions. Therefore, the analysis features of the subject and object of historical study is of particular importance and urgency. Considering the subject of a separate science, it should be borne in mind as science in general and its field of study that define themselves as its object (the object). Therefore, the theoretical position of the historian is largely determined by his own choice and independent creative development, depending on the current level of knowledge and the nature of the social environment. In other words, the very subject of science is a phenomenon caused by the historical stage of science that the quantitative side is characterized by accumulated empirical material, and of quality is the totality and the degree of elaboration of theoretical generalizations (theories, hypotheses, concepts, etc.) and the level of development methodology. Key words: methodology, methodology of history, subject of study, object of study, research methods, law, historiography.
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