MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences (Oct 2024)

Profile of drug-resistant tuberculosis post universal drug susceptibility testing in Jabalpur division, Madhya Pradesh: Study

  • Akanksha Tomar,
  • Rajesh Tiwari,
  • Aditi Bharti

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4103/mjhs.mjhs_22_24
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 4
pp. 291 – 297

Abstract

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Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) can be a menace for TB elimination, making it crucial to identify the drivers of this multifaceted challenge. Now, as drug sensitivity results are available at the commencement of the treatment, DRTB patients can be delineated earlier rather than once landing into treatment failure. Objectives The study was done to assess the sociodemographic and behavioral profile of DR-TB patients and its association with the drug-resistant pattern following the introduction of universal drug sensitivity testing in the program. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the DRTB center, Jabalpur. Record review was done for registered patients through the NIKSHAY portal, notification, laboratory registers, and PMDT treatment cards, for the period January 2018 to December 2019 excluding the transferred-out cases. Patients were contacted for any missing information. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. The Chi-square test was applied for statistical significance considering P ≤ 0.05 to be significant at 95% confidence level. Results Among 201 patients, the majority were males (62.2%) of the younger (18–30 years) age group (42.3%), residing below the poverty line (62.2%) in urban slums (40.8%). There was a preponderance of tobacco users (88.5%), whereas 22.9% were alcoholics. Nutritional status revealed 59.7% to be underweight, whereas 9% were overweight. Review of drug-resistant profile had shown multidrug resistance (MDR) to be most common (70.6%), followed by H resistance (13.4%) and others (MDR + fluoroquinolone [FQ] [10.4%], extensively drug-resistant [3.5%], H + FQ/second-line injectable [SLI]/LZ [1.5%], MDR + SLI [0.5%]). Belonging to lower socioeconomic strata, residing in urban slums, and being engaged in a labor class occupational profile carries a statistically significant association with MDR TB. Conclusion MDR is the most common pattern of DR TB in the study population, proportionally higher in urban slum dwellers.

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