Neural Regeneration Research (Jan 2015)
Chinese herbal formula Tongluo Jiunao injection protects against cerebral ischemia by activating neurotrophin 3/tropomyosin-related kinase C pathway
- Peiman Alesheikh,
- Arezou Mashoufi,
- Hui-ling Tang,
- Wei Zhang,
- Bo Di,
- Yang-yang Yan,
- Peng-tao Li,
- Yan-shu Pan
Affiliations
- Peiman Alesheikh
- Arezou Mashoufi
- Hui-ling Tang
- Wei Zhang
- Bo Di
- Yang-yang Yan
- Peng-tao Li
- Yan-shu Pan
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.153694
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 3
pp. 445 – 450
Abstract
The Chinese herbal formula Tongluo Jiunao, containing the active components Panax notoginseng and Gardenia jasminoides, has recently been patented and is in use clinically. It is known to be neuroprotective in cerebral ischemia, but the underlying pathway remains poorly understood. In the present study, we established a rat model of cerebral ischemia by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, and administered Tongluo Jiunao, a positive control (Xuesai Tong, containing Panax notoginseng) or saline intraperitoneally to investigate the pathway involved in the action of Tongluo Jiunao injection. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining showed that the cerebral infarct area was significantly smaller in model rats that received Tongluo Jiunao than in those that received saline. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed significantly greater expression of neurotrophin 3 and growth-associated protein 43 in ischemic cerebral tissue, and serum levels of neurotrophin 3, in the Tongluo Jiunao group than in the saline group. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining showed that after treatment with Tongluo Jiunao or Xuesai Tong, tropomyosin-related kinase C gene expression and immunoreactivity were significantly elevated compared with saline, with the greatest expression observed after Tongluo Jiunao treatment. These findings suggest that Tongluo Jiunao injection exerts a neuroprotective effect in rats with cerebral ischemia by activating the neurotrophin 3/tropomyosin-related kinase C pathway.
Keywords
- tamoxifen
- Src kinase
- PP2
- trauma
- regeneration
- neuroprotection
- auranofin
- dextromethorphan
- rosiglitazone
- Alzheimer′s disease
- neuroinflammation
- neurodegeneration
- microglia
- astrocytes
- nerve regeneration
- spinal cord
- electroacupuncture therapy
- neural stem cells
- notch signaling pathway
- astrocytes
- inflammation
- survival curve
- proliferation
- differentiation
- real-time quantitative PCR
- western blot assay
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- superparamagnetic iron oxide
- magnetic guidance
- bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
- spinal cord injury
- cell transplantation
- magnetic resonance image
- lumbar puncture
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- spinal cord injury
- spinal cord transection
- average combined score
- magnetic resonance imaging
- diffusion tensor imaging
- fractional anisotropy
- apparent diffusion coefficient
- fiber tractography
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- peripheral nerve injury
- sciatic nerve
- hypothermia
- blood-nerve barrier
- Evans blue tracer
- neural degeneration
- nerve regeneration
- polyethyleneimine-polyethylene glycol
- spiral ganglion cells
- X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein
- gene therapy
- nanocarrier
- cisplatin
- neural regeneration
- ototoxicity
- cochlea
- nerve regeneration
- ocular hypertension
- JNK3
- retinal ganglion cell
- glaucoma
- laser photocoagulation
- intraocular pressure
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- brain injury
- neuroprotection
- inflammation
- apoptosis
- cerebral ischemia
- SMAD3
- transforming growth factor β1
- NSFC grant
- neural regeneration
- neural regeneration
- cerebral ischemia
- Chinese herbal formula
- Tneurotrophic factor
- ongluo Jiunao injection
- nerve growth factor receptor
- Xuesai Tong
- neuroprotection
- NSFC grant
- neuroprotection
- neural regeneration