Treatment of viral hepatitis C genotypes 1 and 2 by sofosbuvir and ledipasvir with or without ribavirin combination: A possible alternative to pangenotypic treatment in a low-income country?

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir ± ribavirin in Malagasy patients with hepatitis C virus genotypes 1 and 2, in real conditions. Patients and methods: This was a retrospective monocentric clinical study, carried out over a period of 3 years from March 1, 2017 to February 28, 2020, in a hospital hepato-gastroenterology department. Results: In total, 26 patients (M/F: 11/15) with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 (n = 13) or genotype 2 (n = 13), were treated with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir without (n = 21) or with (n = 5) ribavirin for 12 weeks. The mean age was 61.38 ± 7.09 years. Seventeen patients (65.4%) had cirrhosis. The overall sustained virological response was 96.2% (95% CI = 80.4–99.9%). There was no significant difference between the sustained virological responses of genotypes 1 and 2 (92.3% vs 100%; p = 0.31) or those of cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic patients (94.1% vs 100%; p = 0.46). A relapse was observed in one patient (5.9%) — cirrhotic and genotype 1b — under sofosbuvir/ledipasvir with ribavirin. Seven patients (26.9%) experienced mild adverse reactions, including asthenia (57.1%) and insomnia (42.9%). Conclusion: Treatment with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir ± ribavirin for infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 has been shown to be safe and effective, even in the presence of cirrhosis. The sofosbuvir/ledipasvir combination is a good option for genotype 2 non-cirrhotic patients.

Keywords

• Viral hepatitis C
• Sofosbuvir
• Ledipasvir
• Ribavirin
• Madagascar