Effectiveness of Educational Intervention Based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior on Exclusive Breastfeeding

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most effective ways to ensure a child’s health. This study investigated the effect of an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). Methods: In this randomized educational trial, 132 pregnant women were divided into two intervention groups and one control group using a multi-stage random clustering method. The first intervention group received interventions based on the TPB. In the extended theory group, interventions to promote breastfeeding self-efficacy and social support for breastfeeding were also provided. In order to collect information, the constructs of the planned behavior questionnaire, Dennis’s breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire and boateng’s breastfeeding social support questionnaire were used, all of which have confirmed validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test, analysis of covariance, one-way analysis of variance, and chi-square and Bonferroni tests. Results: All the constructs of the TPB in both groups improved after the intervention (P0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the constructs of both the TPB and the extended TPB could effectively promote EBF behavior. It appears that combining the use of planned behavior theory constructs with social support structures and breastfeeding self-efficacy can be effective in promoting breastfeeding behavior.

Keywords

• breast feeding
• theory of planned behavior
• social support
• self-efficacy