CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VARIETIES AND LINES OF WINTER WHEAT OBTAINED IN ARRIGC NAMED AFTER I.G. KALINENKO ON RESISTANCE TO A COMPLEX OF PATHOGENS OF ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE DISEASES

Abstract

The article considers the varieties and selection lines of winter wheat developed in ARRIGC named after I.G. Kalinenko and the results of long-term study of their immunology to the North-Caucasus populations of the pathogens of leaf, yellow, stem (black) rusts, yellow leaf blotch, septoriosis, obtained on artificially infected plots of ARRIGP. During the years of 2007-2015 we studied the types of winter wheat resistance to the pathogens of epiphytotic dangerous diseases, i.e. 29 – to leaf septoriosis, 57 – to stem (black) rust, 59 – to leaf rust and yellow leaf blotch and 64 – to yellow rust. Using the method of phyto pathologic testing we found out, that 43 varieties developed in ARRIGC named after I.G. Kalinenko possessed 21 Lr genes (1, 2c, 3, 3ka, 3bg, 10, 11, 14a, 14в, 16, 17, 21, 23, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 40, B, Exch) during sprouting and 8 Yr genes and their combinations (2+6, 7, 7+22+23, 8+19, 9, 10, 21, 39+Alp). It has been established that the genes of resistance are inefficient in protection from original populations of the pathogens of leaf and yellow rust because of the high content of fungus isolates with complementary genes of virulence. But during the study of the varieties, selected as the sources of resistance we identified the efficient gene Lr17 in ‘Aksiniya’, ‘Izuminka’,‘Kapitan’ and the efficient gene Yr8+19 in ‘Lilit’. The characteristics of the varieties and breeding lines of winter wheat according to their types and genes of resistance have been given in the paper. It allows using them in the breeding practice and in agricultural production more efficient.

Keywords

• wheat
• variety
• variety sample
• pathogens
• types of stability
• group stability
• efficient genes
• leaf rust
• yellow rust
• stem (black) rust