Characteristics of Teenagers Presenting with Chest Pain after COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the clinical and radiological manifestations of teenagers presenting with chest pain after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination. We retrospectively enrolled 61 teenage patients, aged 13 to 19 years, who underwent echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) for chest pain after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, from November 2021 to April 2022. Medical records, laboratory results, echocardiographic, and CMR findings were analyzed. The mean age of the participants was 14.4 ± 1.9 years, with a male:female ratio of 28:33. Among the sixty-one patients with chest pain after COVID-19 vaccination, only two (3.3%) were diagnosed as confirmed myocarditis, and almost all of them recovered with conservative treatments. However, on CMR, 24 (39.3%) presented with mild myocardial abnormalities; 22 (36.1%) showed myocardial edema, and 19 (31.1%) were found to have a myocardial injury. Multivariate logistic analyses revealed that older age and female sex were significantly associated with myocardial abnormalities. In teenagers who present with chest pain after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, confirmed myocarditis is uncommon. However, myocardial abnormalities on CMR might occur frequently, and females in their late teens might be more vulnerable to myocardial abnormalities.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• vaccination
• mRNA
• chest pain
• myocarditis
• echocardiography