Studies of Rural Settlements in the Areas of Golden Horde Cities in West Kazakhstan (on the example of Zhaiyk settlement)

Abstract

The paper features the results of archaeological studies carried out on the periphery of Zhaiyk settlement. Reconnaissance and exploration work was carried out in 2013. Later, archaeological excavations were carried out based on the exploration materials. The main part of the work was carried out in an easterly direction from the main objects of the settlement. As it is known from the results of the study of previous years, most of the settlement was demolished during agricultural work and destroyed due to erosion of the coast. No remains of ground structures have been found in this part of the settlement. Exploration work has shown that in the eastern and northeastern parts of the settlement, the modern horizon contains many fragments of burnt bricks, metal, and ceramics. On the basis of the archaeological material obtained during the excavations and compared with the recovered materials, the settlement can be tentatively characterized as a single-layer monument and generally dated within the Golden Horde period.

Keywords

• archaeology
• zhaiyk settlement
• archaeological exploration
• lifting material
• pit
• stratigraphy
• ceramics
• syulgama
• beads
• dugout