Role of hybrid nano-structures and dust particles on transportation of heat energy in fluid with memory effects

Abstract

The simultaneous transport of momentum, dust particles and heat energy is modeled in form of nonlinear problems via conservation equations. The numerical simulations are performed by implementing finite element method (FEM). The numerical experiments are performed as a function of physical parameters. The relaxation phenomenon and its role in transportation of momentum and heat energy is investigated and an enhancement of transport of heat energy in Maxwell fluid. The velocity of fluid is an increasing function of mixed convection parameter while via hybrid nanostructures Buoyancy force assists the flow. Further, fluid velocity interaction parameter plays a key role in decelerating the flow of fluid with mono and hybrid nano-structures. The ratio of specific heat parameter plays a key role in reducing the temperature of dust particles. Momentum relaxation time determines memory effects and restoration of original state of fluid causes a significant role for decreasing the flow of fluid and hence boundary layer thickness.

Keywords

• Thermal transport
• Suspension of nano-structures
• Relaxation time
• Heat generation
• Dust particles
• Heat flux