Evaluating the use of recycled fine aggregates in 3D printing: a systematic review

Abstract

Abstract This study addresses environmental concerns related to construction and demolition waste (CDW), which constitutes 35–40% of global waste. It explores the potential use of recycled fine aggregates (RFA) from concrete demolition waste as a sustainable alternative to natural fine aggregates in 3D printed mortar (3DPM). By conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) and utilizing VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis, the research assesses the mechanical properties, flowability, extrudability, and buildability of RFAs in 3DPM. The analysis also highlights key trends in keywords and research distribution across different countries. The findings reveal that while RFAs in 3DPM slightly reduce compressive and flexural strengths compared to natural aggregates, they significantly contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing landfill waste and conserving natural resources. The study underscores the importance of further research to optimize RFA-based mixtures for wider application in 3D printing technologies.

Keywords

• 3D concrete printing
• Recycled fine aggregates (RFAs)
• Eco-friendly 3D printing in construction