BMC Cardiovascular Disorders (Mar 2023)

Ethnic differences in the lifestyle behaviors and premature coronary artery disease: a multi-center study

  • Media Babahajiani,
  • Ehsan Zarepur,
  • Alireza Khosravi,
  • Noushin Mohammadifard,
  • Feridoun Noohi,
  • Hasan Alikhasi,
  • Shima Nasirian,
  • Seyed Ali Moezi Bady,
  • Parisa Janjani,
  • Kamal Solati,
  • Masoud Lotfizadeh,
  • Samad Ghaffari,
  • Elmira Javanmardi,
  • Arsalan Salari,
  • Mahboobeh Gholipour,
  • Mostafa Dehghani,
  • Mostafa Cheraghi,
  • Ahmadreza Assareh,
  • Habib Haybar,
  • Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh,
  • Reza Madadi,
  • Javad Kojuri,
  • Marjan Mansourian,
  • Nizal Sarrafzadegan

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-023-03192-0
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 23, no. 1
pp. 1 – 9

Abstract

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Abstract Background Diverse ethnic groups that exist in Iran may differ regarding the risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and family history of non-communicable disease. Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD) is more endemic in Iran than before. This study sought to assess the association between ethnicity and lifestyle behaviors in eight major Iranian ethnic groups with PCAD. Methods In this study, 2863 patients aged ≤ 70 for women and ≤ 60 for men who underwent coronary angiography were recruited in a multi-center framework. All the patients’ demographic, laboratory, clinical, and risk factor data were retrieved. Eight large ethnicities in Iran, including the Farses, the Kurds, the Turks, the Gilaks, the Arabs, the Lors, the Qashqai, and the Bakhtiari were evaluated for PCAD. Different lifestyle components and having PCAD were compared among the ethnical groups using multivariable modeling. Results The mean age of the 2863 patients participated was 55.66 ± 7.70 years. The Fars ethnicity with 1654 people, was the most subject in this study. Family history of more than three chronic diseases (1279 (44.7%) was the most common risk factor. The Turk ethnic group had the highest prevalence of ≥ 3 simultaneous lifestyle-related risk factors (24.3%), and the Bakhtiari ethnic group had the highest prevalence of no lifestyle-related risk factors (20.9%). Adjusted models showed that having all three abnormal lifestyle components increased the risk of PCAD (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.04–1.06). The Arabs had the most chance of getting PCAD among other ethnicities (OR = 2.26, 95%CI: 1.40–3.65). While, the Kurds with a healthy lifestyle showed the lowest chance of getting PCAD (OR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.05–3.67)). Conclusions This study found there was heterogeneity in having PACD and a diverse distribution in its well-known traditional lifestyle-related risk factors among major Iranian ethnic groups.

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