A Comparative Study on Benign and Premalignant Histological Changes Induced by E. Coli and K. Pneumoniae in Gall Bladder Mucosa Having Pigment Stones

Abstract

Objective: To observe and compare benign and premalignant histological changes induced by Escherichia coli(E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae)in gall bladder mucosa having Pigment stones. Study Design: Cross sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the department of Anatomy in collaboration with the department of Surgery, Al Nafees Medical College and Hospital (ANMC) from 14 November 2017 to 18 December 2019. Materials and Methods: Out of total cholecystectomy specimens collected during study duration, only thirty gallbladder specimens having Pigment stones and bile culture positive for E. coli or K. pneumoniae were obtained. They were divided into two groups comprising fifteen specimens each (n=15). Group 1 had bile culture positive for E. coli, while group 2 was positive for K. pneumoniae. All specimens were processed in automated tissue processor after tissue processing. Paraffin embedded sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. Slides were examined by consultant pathologist under light microscope. Premalignant histological lesions included hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia. Chi square was applied to compare the statistical association of histological lesions between group 1 and 2. Results: Histopathological analysis revealed that hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia in group 1 and group 2 were found to be statistically insignificant with p values of p= 0.715, p= 0.464 and p= 0.1 respectively. Conclusion: The histological patterns of benign and premalignant findings in both group 1 and group 2 showed minimal variation. Although this study did not observe any progression of premalignant lesions to carcinoma, the eradication of bacteria remains crucial to prevent the development of histopathological lesions in the gallbladder.

Keywords

• dysplasia
• e. coli
• hyperplasia
• k. pneumoniae
• metaplasia and gallbladder.