Cell Reports (Mar 2022)
BCG vaccination provides protection against IAV but not SARS-CoV-2
- Eva Kaufmann,
- Nargis Khan,
- Kim A. Tran,
- Antigona Ulndreaj,
- Erwan Pernet,
- Ghislaine Fontes,
- Andréanne Lupien,
- Patrice Desmeules,
- Fiona McIntosh,
- Amina Abow,
- Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag,
- Priya Debisarun,
- Karen Mossman,
- Arinjay Banerjee,
- Danielle Karo-Atar,
- Mina Sadeghi,
- Samira Mubareka,
- Donald C. Vinh,
- Irah L. King,
- Clinton S. Robbins,
- Marcel A. Behr,
- Mihai G. Netea,
- Philippe Joubert,
- Maziar Divangahi
Affiliations
- Eva Kaufmann
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Nargis Khan
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Kim A. Tran
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Antigona Ulndreaj
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Erwan Pernet
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Ghislaine Fontes
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Andréanne Lupien
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Patrice Desmeules
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Fiona McIntosh
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Amina Abow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Simone J.C.F.M. Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Priya Debisarun
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Karen Mossman
- Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
- Arinjay Banerjee
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK 7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Danielle Karo-Atar
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Mina Sadeghi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Samira Mubareka
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Donald C. Vinh
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Irah L. King
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Clinton S. Robbins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto, ON M5G 2N2, Canada
- Marcel A. Behr
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Centre of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Philippe Joubert
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; Corresponding author
- Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; Corresponding author
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 38,
no. 10
p. 110502
Abstract
Summary: Since the vast majority of species solely rely on innate immunity for host defense, it stands to reason that a critical evolutionary trait like immunological memory evolved in this primitive branch of our immune system. There is ample evidence that vaccines such as bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induce protective innate immune memory responses (trained immunity) against heterologous pathogens. Here we show that while BCG vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality against influenza A virus (IAV), it fails to provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast to IAV, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to unique pulmonary vasculature damage facilitating viral dissemination to other organs, including the bone marrow (BM), a central site for BCG-mediated trained immunity. Finally, monocytes from BCG-vaccinated individuals mount an efficient cytokine response to IAV infection, while this response is minimal following SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data suggest that the protective capacity of BCG vaccination is contingent on viral pathogenesis and tissue tropism.
