The Selective Separation of Carnosic Acid and Rosmarinic Acid by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid–Liquid Extraction: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Rosmarinus officinalis leaves (ROLs) are widely used in the food and cosmetics industries due to their high antioxidant activity and fascinating flavor properties. Carnosic acid (CA) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are regarded as the characteristic antioxidant components of ROLs, and the selective separation of CA and RA remains a significant challenge. In this work, the feasibility of achieving the selective separation of CA and RA from ROLs by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was studied and compared. The experiments suggested that SPE with CAD-40 macroporous resin as the adsorbent was a good choice for selectively isolating CA from the extracts of ROLs and could produce raw CA with purity levels as high as 76.5%. The LLE with ethyl acetate (EA) as the extraction solvent was more suitable for extracting RA from the diluted extracts of ROLs and could produce raw RA with a purity level of 56.3%. Compared with the reported column chromatography and LLE techniques, the developed SPE–LLE method not only exhibited higher extraction efficiency for CA and RA, but can also produce CA and RA with higher purity.

Keywords

• <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaves (ROLs)
• carnosic acid (CA)
• rosmarinic acid (RA)
• macroporous resin
• solid-phase extraction (SPE)
• liquid–liquid extraction (LLE)