Improvement of technological methods of production and cultivation of grafted grape seedlings

Abstract

At present time, there is a steady trend of expanding the area of grape plantations in the Russian Federation. The revival of the industry is caused by a number of problems, one of which is the lack of grape high-quality planting material. The purchase of imported seedlings is not a universal way of satisfying vineyards in seedlings, due to the inability of imported clone varieties to the soil and climatic conditions of grape growing regions in the Russian Federation. That is why it is necessary to increase the yield of grape seedlings of local table and technical varieties. The paper presents the results of studying the duration of growing of grape seedlings and the substrate used for them. It was found that the optimal composition of the substrate for grafted vegetative seedlings growing is a combination of sawdust + glauconite sand + bentonite clay (in a ratio of 1:1:1) with a growing time of 60 days. With this method of cultivation, the yield of first-class grafted seedlings was 51.2%. The duration of grafted vegetative seedlings cultivation, generally accepted in the production of 40-45 days, provides the yield of seedlings at the level of 35.4-39.6%, which is lower than the best variant of the experiment by 11.6-15.8%.