Assessment of the strength of elements in a freight car automatic coupling device

Abstract

The article examines the influence of car dynamics on the safety of rolling stock. When moving, loads are transferred to the components and parts of the car, which change during the movement and depend on many factors, including the operating mode of the rolling stock. Quasi-static forces of tension and compression that work when transmitting locomotive traction to the train as a whole, determine the main dynamic parameters during operation. To determine loads during movement, a specialized software device is required that allows to retrieve data while moving. To calculate loads on components and parts, it is necessary to carry out discrete analysis, which can determine stress-strain states when assessing strength. Simulation using the Femap software package can identify the initial stages of node destruction, as well as simulate the interaction of several nodes with each other. To determine the dynamic impact of an automatic coupler on a car or two cars coupled to each other, it is necessary to first consider the loads acting on the individual components and parts of which it consists, as well as conduct a study of stress concentration on the surfaces of selected components, in this case on the inner surface of the absorber mechanism’s neck.