International Journal of Infectious Diseases (Mar 2022)

Antibacterial Activity of Corryocactus brevistylus (Sanky) Methanol Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis

  • R. Aquino Ortega,
  • H. Carrillo-Ng,
  • L. Paucar Menacho,
  • M.A. Aguilar-Luis,
  • W. Silva-Caso,
  • J. Del Valle-Mendoza

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 116
p. S8

Abstract

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Purpose: Corryocactus brevistylus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose, commonly referred to as Sanky, is a Peruvian Cactaceae grown in the Andean regions with antibacterial properties yet to be studied. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of the Corryocactus brevistylus methanol extract, against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Methods & Materials: For the preparation of the methanol extract, freeze-dried Sanky powder was immersed in absolute methanol (1:2, w/v). Bacterial strains of S. aureus (ATCC®23235) and E. faecalis (ATCC®29212) (Microbiologics, USA) were cultivated in Brain heart infusion (BHI) agar. Subsequently, one colony of each bacteria was resuspended in BHI broth and incubated aerobically. For the antibacterial activity assay, 20 uL of the culture in BHI broth was inoculated in 100 mL of BHI agar to an approximate standard density of 0.5 McFarland, to a concentration of approximately 1.5 × 108 CFU/ml. Agar diffusion test was used by preparing wells with the experimental solutions cultivated in aerobic conditions. Six independent tests were prepared for each type of bacteria, using penicillin-streptomycin and clorhexidine 12% as positive controls. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the microdilution method as described by the CLSI. Results: Antibacterial effect of the methanol extract was observed with inhibition halos of 23.33 ± 0.72 mm and 24.34 ± 0.55 mm against S. aureus and E. faecalis, respectively. Meanwhile, penicillin-streptomycin (10 U) showed an inhibition halo of 28.32 ± 2.6 mm and 22.84 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. Clorhexidine 12% produced halos of 26.8 ± 0.4 mm and 24.3 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. The MIC of the extract was 0.83 mg/mL for S. aureus and 0.21 mg/mL for E. faecalis. The MBC was 1.66 mg/mL on S. aureus and 0.42 mg/mL on E. faecalis. The MBC/MIC ratio was calculated as 2 for both bacteria, indicating a bactericidal effect of the compound (MBC/MIC<4). Conclusion: The experimental findings showed a favorable in vitro antibacterial effect of the methanol extract of Corryocactus brevistylus against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The therapeutic role of this compound should be further evaluated in clinical bacterial strains.