Development and validation of a simple equation to fat mass and percentage of body fat in children and adolescents

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to development and validation of a simple equation to fat mass (FM) and percentage of body fat (PBF) in children and adolescents.Methods: Participants were 404 (176 boys and 228 girls) children and adolescents (5 to18 years old) that were randomly divided into Derivation (n = 279) and Validation (n= 125) groups. FM and PBF were measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer. Based on demographic variables retrieved from the Derivation group, 10 FM and 10 PBF predictive equations were developed using multiple regression. Finally, the most accurate model (using the coefficient of determination (R2)) was chosen and then validated on the validation group.Results: The best equations of FM and PBF, which were derived from demographic characteristics, were:FM (kg) = Weight (Kg) x 0.15 + BMI x 1.53 + Sex x 3.40 – Age (years) x 0.37 – 26.20; where sex = 1 for male and 0 for female. R=0.97, R^2=0.94, standard error of the estimate = 3.74 Kg.PBF (kg) = 0.31 x Height (cm) - Weight (Kg) x 0.59 + BMI x 2.98 + Sex x 6.17 – Age (years) x 0.76 – 52.84; where sex = 1 for male and 0 for female. R=0.90, R^2=0.82, standard error of the estimate = 4.88 Kg.Conclusions: Our predictive equations accurately predicted FM and PBF using simple parameters (Height, Weight, BMI, sex and age) in children and adolescents.

Keywords

• percentage of body fat
• fat mass
• predictive
• equation
• children
• adolescents