Louse‐induced mortality thresholds in Atlantic salmon of wild‐origin

Abstract

Abstract Wild salmonid fish are faced with the challenge of infections from the ectoparasitic salmon louse, which thus dictates the management of salmon aquaculture in areas where farms and wild populations co‐exist. The mortality risk of wild Atlantic salmon is used as an indicator of threat levels when monitoring wild populations, and therefore the aim of this study was to robustly investigate the effect of infection intensity on probability of mortality in salmon of wild origin. To assess critical infection levels, recently‐smoltified Atlantic salmon were infected with intensities ranging from 0 to 2.5 lice g−1 and exposed to a 48‐h simulated migration. The first mortalities occurred when preadults appeared and ceased as lice became adults. Infection intensity negatively affected mortality probability and survival time, whereas the simulated migration had no influence on the probability of mortality. Individual‐level effects of infection on host mortality is difficult to quantify in the field; however, the correlation between louse load and mortality probability obtained in this study can facilitate indirect estimates of mortality risk of wild salmon populations and contribute to conservation efforts associated with this parasite.

Keywords

• host survival
• intensity‐dependent mortality
• parasite‐induced mortality
• sea lice
• survival time
• wounds