Incidence of and Functional Significance of Floating Toe After Weil Osteotomy

Abstract

Background: The most frequent complication after Weil osteotomies is a floating toe deformity, but there are no reports about its effect on the patient. In this study, we analyzed the consequences of floating toe deformities after the performance of a modified Weil osteotomy (MWO) or a modified Weil osteotomy with interphalangeal fixation (MWOIF). Methods: We performed a retrospective review with a prospective follow-up of 50 patients (98% women, 120 rays) who underwent MWO (65 rays) or MWOIF (55 rays), with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years and a minimum follow-up of 4 years (mean of 6 years). We analyzed the presence of floating toe deformity in MWO and MWOIF and the outcomes measured by the subjective satisfaction, Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, and quality of prehension force between patients with or without floating toe deformity. Results: The mean floating toe incidence was of 57%, with no significant difference between operative techniques (48% MWO, 67% MWOIF; P = .053). Our analysis did not show differences in satisfaction, LEFS and AOFAS scores, or grip strength between the group of patients with or without floating toes. Conclusion: The presence of a floating toe deformity was more frequent than generally believed but did not have a meaningful impact on the patient’s satisfaction or functional outcomes measured by the AOFAS and LEFS scales. There was no clear correlation between operative technique, floating toe, and quality of prehension force. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.