Akhtar newspaper point of view about scientific development and progress and retardation

Abstract

Publications in the modern history are one of the most effective informing devices. In the Qajar dynasty and after sending a numbers of Iranians to Europe, contemporary with Fath Ali Shah kingship, for acquiring sciences and techniques, one of them named Mirza Saleh, by purchasing print machinery and learning its application technique, with the aid of a French engineer, started the first newspaper named Kaghaz Akhbar in Mohammad Shah period. Amir Kabir stepped into the second stage in Naser Edin Shah reign by printing Vaghaye Etefaghieh newspaper. Although these actions were valuable and appreciable, they didn’t meet the expections of vigilant and compassionate group of the society for the ongoing goals. Because of severe oppression of Qajar dynasty, a group of Iranian scientists went to foreign countries and published some publications in London, Istanbul, Calcutta, Cairo and other parts of the world and did their duty towards their country and making it free from oppression and ignorance and retardation. One of these publications was Akhtar newspaper which has received Iran history researchers’ attention from different dimensions. Akhtar could be evaluated scientifically and one could obtain valuable results. In the present article we have studied the scientific development and progress and retardation from Akhtar newspaper point of view. Akhtar has followed this aim from its first numbers as its permanent apprehension and with innovative and effective methods.

Keywords

• akhtar newspaper
• invention
• progress and retardation
• qajar dynasty
• islam and iran