پژوهشهای تفسیر تطبیقی (Feb 2020)
Comparative Analysis of the Difference between Recitations with Reference to Ijtihad or Sunnat
Abstract
Received: 21/04/2019 | Accepted: 20/06/2019 The subject of this study is to survey two citation theories on the difference between Qur’anic recitations with reference to Ijtihad (independent reasoning) by the reader (Qari) or Sunnat-e Nabawi (the prophetic tradition). In this regard, first a brief review of variants in the recitation of the Qur’an as well as citation to Ijtihad or Sunnat as the source of discrepancy were mentioned. Then, the reasons of the two above viewpoints were critically analyzed, and it was proved that the scholars of Qira’at do not acknowledge the readings not approved by Sunnat. The results also showed that those experts who claim citation to Ijtihad in Qira’at have confused independent reasoning with logical free will in the recitation. Moreover, some companions of the Prophet (Sahabeh) have resisted against Ijtihad of some others in reading the Qur’an. The difference between the reading of the Qur’an was also critically analyzed from the perspective of citation to the tradition of Prophet in terms of “sunnat-e Mutawatir” (successive recognized and reliable sources) and “Ahad” (Not clearly traceable to Prophet Muhammad); and the results showed that the recitations are not Mutawatir and validated. Even the assumption of successively reliable recitations after the Prophet does not have an effect on the accuracy of the content of Qira’at. Since it is assumed that all recitations are not accurate, in case of having discrepancies we should refer to a more transparent (Azhar) one, and if not possible, those readings would be aborted and we should make a reference to another argument.
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