Multidirectional Shoulder Instability With Circumferential Labral Tear and Bony Reverse Hill Sachs: Treatment with 270° Labral Repair and Fresh Talus Osteochondral Allograft to the Humeral Head

Abstract

Traumatic posterior dislocations of the shoulder can result in bony defects, labral tears, and cartilage injuries of the glenohumeral joint. Although traditional Hill-Sachs lesions from anterior dislocations are more commonly identified, reverse Hill-Sachs lesions caused by posterior dislocation often leads to recurrent engagement of the humeral head with the glenoid and significantly greater damage to the humeral chondral surface. In severe traumatic cases, concomitant damage of the capsulolabral soft tissues, such as circumferential labral lesions, can lead to chronic shoulder instability and residual glenoid bone loss. These lesions further add to the complexity of managing patients with posterior dislocations of the shoulder because of the challenges of achieving adequate anatomic reduction and tensioning of the capsulolabral junction, while also using a combination of arthroscopic and open-labral repair techniques. In the setting of reverse Hill-Sachs lesions treatment, it is important to address the bony and cartilage defect. The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe our preferred technique for arthroscopic repair of circumferential lesions of the glenoid labrum causing multidirectional instability with concomitant reverse Hill-Sachs Lesion treatment with fresh talus osteochondral allograft.