Safety of Outpatient Initiation of Disopyramide for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients

Abstract

BackgroundDisopyramide is effective in ameliorating symptoms in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; however, its potential for proarrhythmic effect has raised concerns about its use in the ambulatory setting. The risk of initiating disopyramide in this manner has never been evaluated. Methods and ResultsAll charts of patients seen in the outpatient hypertrophic cardiomyopathy clinic between 2010 and 2014 were screened for initiation of disopyramide and data were extracted. Disopyramide in our clinic is usually initiated at a dose of 300 mg daily and titrated during follow‐up. A total of 2015 patients were seen in the clinic, including 168 who were started on disopyramide. There were no cardiac events within 3 months of disopyramide initiation. During long‐term follow‐up (255 patient‐years; mean, 447 days; interquartile range, 201–779), only 2 patients developed cardiac events (syncope of unknown cause in both). Thirty‐eight patients (23%) developed side effects of disopyramide and 18 (11%) stopped the drug because of these side effects. Of the patients continuing disopyramide long term, 63% remained free of septal reduction interventions at end of follow‐up. Disopyramide at a dose of 300 mg prolonged the mean QTc interval by 19±23 ms; however, increasing the dose to 600 mg had no further significant effect. ConclusionsInitiation of disopyramide in the outpatient setting is safe and the risk of subsequent sudden cardiac death is low. Because of its QT‐prolonging effect, precautions may be necessary in patients at higher risk of torsades de pointes.

Keywords

• acquired long QT syndrome
• disopyramide
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• sudden cardiac death