Factors associated with the outcome of patients with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation: A single‐center observational study in Japan

Abstract

Abstract Aim Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) spread worldwide, and was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Despite numerous studies in the last few years, the factors associated with the outcomes of patients with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation remain unclear. The prediction of ventilator weaning and mortality using the data obtained at the time of intubation could be beneficial for establishing appropriate treatment strategies and obtaining informed consent. In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between patient information at the time of intubation and the outcomes of intubated COVID‐19 patients. Methods This retrospective observational study used single‐center data from patients with COVID‐19. Patients with COVID‐19 who were admitted to Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022, and under mechanical ventilation were included. The main outcome was defined as the factors related to ventilator weaning; a multivariate analysis was carried out to evaluate the association between patient information at the time of intubation and the outcome. Results In total, 146 patients were included in this study. The factors significantly associated with ventilator weaning were age (65–74 years old, adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.168; 75 years and older, adjusted OR, 0.121), vaccination history (adjusted OR, 5.655), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) respiration score (adjusted OR, 0.007) at the time of intubation. Conclusion Age, SOFA respiration score, and COVID‐19 vaccination history at the time of intubation could be associated with outcomes in patients with COVID‐19 requiring mechanical ventilation.

Keywords

• COVID‐19
• mechanical ventilation
• prognostic factor
• ventilator weaning