Effect of Electroactive Water Solutions on Homeostasis and Healing Processes of Intestinal Anastomosis Combined with Simulated Anemia in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Gastroduodenal bleeding is one of the most challenging issues in surgery nowadays. The crude mortality rate due to severe blood loss in gastrointestinal bleeding is very high. Therefore, the use of medications to prevent severe blood loss and protect cells from the harmful effects of hypoxia should be the focus of attention in these conditions. This experimental study was carried out to establish changes in blood parameters and humoral immunity in rats after intestinal anastomoses combined with acute blood loss after the application of catholyte and anolyte. The study included 45 male Wistar rats weighing 290-320 g that were divided equally (15 animals per group) into three groups of intact animals (group 1), animals exposed to the small bowel resection (1.5 cm) with the end-to-end anastomosis and simulated acute blood loss (group 2), and animals exposed to the small bowel resection with end-to-end anastomosis and simulated acute blood loss that were daily given catholyte in the postoperative period group (group 3). After the surgery, the rats were given a catholyte solution per os, and the operative wound was treated with an anolyte. The blood samples and the wall of the small intestine in the anastomotic zone were used as a biological substrate to study the effect of catholyte on changes in the body during the healing process. The experiment was conducted for 15 days, and the data were recorded in two intervals on the 5th and 15th days after starting the experiment. The analyzed materials evidenced that the use of catholyte and liquid with negative oxidoreduction potential (ORP) (minus 500-520 mV) resulted in positive changes in the blood cell count, humoral immunity, and phagocytic activity impaired after the small bowel resection and blood loss. The use of an anolyte disinfectant (liquid with positive ORP+710-770 mV) prevented bacterial contamination of the surgical wound. The obtained findings proved that the catholyte had a positive effect on humoral immunity and healing processes in the anastomotic zone. Furthermore, the anolyte prevented the development of purulent complications and inflammation in the area of the surgical wound, and therefore, promoted the healing processes.

Keywords

• anolyte
• catholyte
• immunity
• intestinal anastomosis
• oxidoreduction potential (orp)