Наукові горизонти (Jul 2020)
PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT DEPENDING ON FOOD BACKGROUNDS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN POLISSIA
Abstract
The results of the influence of organo-mineral fertilizer and foliar fertilizing with complex fertilizers on the yield, biochemical and physical indicators of the quality of winter wheat grain of Artemis variety are presented. Experimental investigations were carried out on drained sod-podzolic soil during 2016-2018 in the experimental farm "First of May" Volyn state agricultural experimental station of Institute of potato NAAS of Ukraine. Studies have shown that the main application of mineral fertilizers in the norm N60P60K60, the addition of siderate and the introduction of 10 t/ha of manure provided an increase in grain yield by 1.45 t/ha, straw-by 1.16 t/ha. Significantly higher yield was determined in the variants of foliar fertilizing with complex fertilizers for this background. Due to the latter, 0.62-0.96 t/ha of grain and 0.50-0.77 t/ha of straw were additionally formed. The maximum yield of grain and straw was provided by fertilizing winter wheat crops with organo-mineral fertilizer Organic D2–M. With the improvement of the nutrition background, the protein content of winter wheat grain increased by 0.2-0.3%, and raw gluten – by 0.4-0.6%. There was no significant difference between the fertilizer variants according to these quality indicators. However, it was observed for the conditional yield of protein and raw gluten from a hectare of winter wheat. Due to the higher formed yield, the variants with nonroot fertilizing with complex fertilizers had a significant advantage. And especially organo-mineral complex Organic D2–M. Optimization of the nutrition background contributed to an increase in the mass of 1000 grains from 38 g in the control without fertilizers to 42-45 g for their application. Carrying out non-root top-UPS with complex fertilizers did not affect this physical quality indicator, and the use of the vitamin complex BF–3 in General led to its reduction in comparison with the main application of mineral and organic fertilizers. The nature of grain grown in the fertilized areas of the experiment exceeded this indicator by 1.7-3.0% in the control without fertilization. The smallest effect on the natural weight was determined for carrying out foliar top-UPS with the vitamin complex BF–3. There was no significant difference between other fertilizer options
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