International Journal of One Health (Nov 2024)
Assessment of preparedness for antimicrobial resistance in the veterinary department of a district in South India
Abstract
Background and Aim: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top ten public health challenges affecting humans worldwide. Antibiotic use in livestock, agriculture, and fisheries is a significant yet often overlooked contributor to AMR. This study aimed to evaluate the preparedness of the veterinary department for AMR in a district in South India. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study involved all veterinary personnel in the department, with 73 participants (administrative officials, veterinary doctors, and para veterinarians). Data were collected using a validated questionnaire and an observational checklist to assess infection prevention and control (IPC) practices. Specific questionnaires were administered to veterinary doctors and para veterinarians to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use and resistance. Administrators were also surveyed regarding measures to prevent, detect, and respond to AMR. Results: Administrative veterinary officers displayed significant disparities in knowledge and preparedness regarding AMR-related domains. This indicated a gap in communication and coordination to combat AMR at the administrative level. The shortage of veterinary doctors was noted, which paved the way for para-veterinarians to be involved in antibiotic prescription. Adherence to biomedical waste management and IPC practices were observed. The KAP survey revealed adequate knowledge and positive attitudes among veterinary doctors regarding antibiotic use, although familiarity with AMR action plans and antibiotic stewardship was limited. Conclusion: The veterinary department excels in infection control and medical countermeasures but needs to improve its implementation of preventive measures, early detection, surveillance, and human resources.
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