Discover Oncology (May 2024)

Extracellular vesicle-mediated drug delivery in breast cancer theranostics

  • Toufik Abdul-Rahman,
  • Poulami Roy,
  • Ranferi Eduardo Herrera-Calderón,
  • Feriha Fatima Khidri,
  • Quadri Ajibola Omotesho,
  • Tolulope Sharon Rumide,
  • Mahek Fatima,
  • Sakshi Roy,
  • Andrew Awuah Wireko,
  • Oday Atallah,
  • Subham Roy,
  • Felix Amekpor,
  • Shankhaneel Ghosh,
  • Isaac Aksavdwa Agyigra,
  • Viktoriia Horbas,
  • Tetiana Teslyk,
  • Valentyna Bumeister,
  • Marios Papadakis,
  • Athanasios Alexiou

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-01007-y
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 1
pp. 1 – 30

Abstract

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Abstract Breast cancer (BC) continues to be a significant global challenge due to drug resistance and severe side effects. The increasing prevalence is alarming, requiring new therapeutic approaches to address these challenges. At this point, Extracellular vesicles (EVs), specifically small endosome-released nanometer-sized EVs (SEVs) or exosomes, have been explored by literature as potential theranostics. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of exosomes in BC, focusing on their advantages in drug delivery and their ability to mitigate metastasis. Following the review, we identified exosomes' potential in combination therapies, serving as miRNA carriers and contributing to improved anti-tumor effects. This is evident in clinical trials investigating exosomes in BC, which have shown their ability to boost chemotherapy efficacy by delivering drugs like paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX). However, the translation of EVs into BC therapy is hindered by various challenges. These challenges include the heterogeneity of EVs, the selection of the appropriate parent cell, the loading procedures, and determining the optimal administration routes. Despite the promising therapeutic potential of EVs, these obstacles must be addressed to realize their benefits in BC treatment.

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