Nosemosis Prevention and Control

Giovanni Formato; Jorge Rivera-Gomis; Jernej Bubnic; Raquel Martín-Hernández; Marcella Milito; Sofia Croppi; Mariano Higes

doi:10.3390/app12020783

Applied Sciences (Jan 2022)

Nosemosis Prevention and Control

Giovanni Formato,
Jorge Rivera-Gomis,
Jernej Bubnic,
Raquel Martín-Hernández,
Marcella Milito,
Sofia Croppi,
Mariano Higes

Affiliations

Giovanni Formato: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Apiculture, Honey Bee Productions and Diseases Laboratory, OIE Collaborating Centre for Good Beekeeping Management Practices and Biosecurity Measures in the Apiculture Sector, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Health and Food Security—Discipline Apiculture, Health and Biosecurity, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy
Jorge Rivera-Gomis: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Apiculture, Honey Bee Productions and Diseases Laboratory, OIE Collaborating Centre for Good Beekeeping Management Practices and Biosecurity Measures in the Apiculture Sector, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Health and Food Security—Discipline Apiculture, Health and Biosecurity, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy
Jernej Bubnic: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Apiculture, Honey Bee Productions and Diseases Laboratory, OIE Collaborating Centre for Good Beekeeping Management Practices and Biosecurity Measures in the Apiculture Sector, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Health and Food Security—Discipline Apiculture, Health and Biosecurity, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy
Raquel Martín-Hernández: Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental de Marchamalo, Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), Consejería de Agricultura de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain
Marcella Milito: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Apiculture, Honey Bee Productions and Diseases Laboratory, OIE Collaborating Centre for Good Beekeeping Management Practices and Biosecurity Measures in the Apiculture Sector, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Health and Food Security—Discipline Apiculture, Health and Biosecurity, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy
Sofia Croppi: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana “M. Aleandri”, Apiculture, Honey Bee Productions and Diseases Laboratory, OIE Collaborating Centre for Good Beekeeping Management Practices and Biosecurity Measures in the Apiculture Sector, FAO Reference Centre for Animal Health and Food Security—Discipline Apiculture, Health and Biosecurity, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy
Mariano Higes: Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental de Marchamalo, Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal de Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), Consejería de Agricultura de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, 19180 Marchamalo, Spain

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app12020783
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 12, no. 2
p. 783

Abstract

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Nosemosis is a serious microsporidian disease of adult European honey bees caused by the spore-forming unicellular fungi Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. In this paper we describe the currently known techniques for nosemosis prevention and control including Good Beekeeping Practices (GBPs) and biosecurity measures (BMBs). Topics such as queen renewal, nosema-resistant bees and hygienic and control methods are described. Strong efforts are currently provided to find more a sustainable solution than the use of antibiotics. So far, it seems that the best way to approach nosemosis is given by an “integrated pest management strategy”, which foresees the contemporary application of different, specific GBPs and BMBs.

Published in Applied Sciences

ISSN: 2076-3417 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General); Science: Biology (General); Science: Physics; Science: Chemistry
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci

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