Woodylides A–C, New Cytotoxic Linear Polyketides from the South China Sea Sponge <em>Plakortis simplex</em>

Abstract

Three new polyketides, woodylides A–C (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong>), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the South China Sea sponge <em>Plakortis simplex</em>. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data (IR, 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS). The absolute configurations at C-3 of <strong>1</strong> and <strong>3</strong> were determined by the modified Mosher’s method. Antifungal, cytotoxic, and PTP1B inhibitory activities of these polyketides were evaluated. Compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>3</strong> showed antifungal activity against fungi <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> with IC₅₀ values of 3.67 and 10.85 µg/mL, respectively. In the cytotoxicity test, compound <strong>1</strong> exhibited a moderate effect against the HeLa cell line with an IC₅₀ value of 11.2 µg/mL, and compound <strong>3</strong> showed cytotoxic activity against the HCT-116 human colon tumor cell line and PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 9.4 and 4.7 µg/mL, respectively.

Keywords

• &lt;em&gt;Plakortis simplex&lt;/em&gt;
• woodylides
• cytotoxicity
• PTP1B inhibitory activity