Electrostatic discharge impacts on the main shaft bearings of wind turbines

Abstract

This paper studies the electrostatic discharge effect in wind turbines, a possible trigger source of the main bearing current. A lab setup with a charge generator and downsized wind turbine was built to verify the impact of electrostatic discharge on the main bearing current. In the test, a fatal amplitude for the bearing current was found at only −93 mV driven voltage on the shaft. Compared with the bearing current driven by the common-mode voltage, the electrostatic discharge effect triggers the bearing breakdown at a lower shaft voltage but much higher bearing current amplitude. The results demonstrate that the electrostatic discharge effect is a pattern of the bearing current in wind turbines and is much more dangerous to the bearing.