Біологія тварин (Jul 2020)
Features of the cultivation of the eastern subtropic freshwater shrimp Macrobranchium nipponense (De HAAN 1849) of the lower Dnister in the conditions of circulatory water use systems
Abstract
The data on the peculiarities of M. nipponense shrimp cultivation of the Dnister population in circulatory water use systems for growing crustaceans are presented. One of the most important areas of crustacean farming is the development of principles and the creation of artificial ecosystems for the successful cultivation of aquaculture facilities, which are a valuable source of protein food. Shrimp M. nipponense is a group of aquatic organisms, its production technology in artificial conditions is currently being developed. For the conditions of Ukraine, we can identify four possible areas of shrimp M. nipponense: 1) in the natural conditions of the Dnister river basin; 2) in the ponds of the southern regions of Ukraine in natural climatic conditions (summer period); 3) in the ponds, cages and pools on the warm waters of energy facilities in the summer; 4) in installations with circulatory water use — all year round. At the same time, the four listed options are related to the use of circulatory water use systems for keeping producers in winter, spawning, incubation and rearing of young. Therefore, the study of fishery and biological features, the development of basic biotechnical principles and the creation of technology for reproduction of shrimp M. nipponense in artificial conditions using circulating plants is relevant. For research on M. nipponense we used fishery and biological methods: hydrochemical, biotechnical. Three circulation systems with aquariums with a volume of 0.3–05 m3 with an independent system of thermoregulation, mechanical and biological water purification were used directly for the experiments. Growing shrimp M. nipponense in circulatory water use systems includes two main stages: 1) obtaining planting material; 2) commercial cultivation. Optimization of abiotic factors of shrimp habitat in closed systems allows to reduce by 4–5 times the time of their cultivation, maturation of producers and the formation of uterine herds, which allows year-round to obtain viable young and large planting material to launch M. nipponense in artificial and natural reservoirs.
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