Biomarkers in acute coronary syndromes: from the origins to the present

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome remains the leading cause of death in both patients with coronary artery disease and patients with other diseases (such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, inflammatory diseases of various etiologies, and others). Early diagnosis of cardiomyocyte damage and necrosis opens up wide opportunities to improve the prognosis of patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries, and also makes it possible to discharge patients without acute cardiovascular pathology from intensive care units with a high degree of probability. The article discusses the evolution of the research and introduction into broad clinical practice of markers of myocardial damage and necrosis, which have largely improved modern clinical practice.

Keywords

• myocardial infarction
• acute coronary syndrome
• biomarker
• troponin
• transaminases
• ischemia
• myocardial injury
• diagnosis
• prognosis